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Complete guide to choosing your professional industrial cutters
How to choose the right milling cutter for your material to be machined?
The choice depends mainly on the material: aluminum requires 2-3 flutes with a high helix angle (38-45°) for fast evacuation of long and sticky chips. Steel requires 4 flutes with a moderate helix angle (30-35°) and a TiAlN coating resistant up to 800°C. Carbide end mills offer superior durability for hard steels and prolonged machining without frequent sharpening.
Titanium requires sharp-edged end mills with ample lubrication to prevent sticking and welding on the tool. Plastics require polished flutes and moderate to high speed to prevent melting of the material. Depth of cut varies: 0.3-0.5x diameter for finishing, 1-1.5x for roughing depending on machine rigidity. Eagle and Greenfield offer specialized ranges by material with detailed selection guides.
Titanium requires sharp-edged end mills with ample lubrication to prevent sticking and welding on the tool. Plastics require polished flutes and moderate to high speed to prevent melting of the material. Depth of cut varies: 0.3-0.5x diameter for finishing, 1-1.5x for roughing depending on machine rigidity. Eagle and Greenfield offer specialized ranges by material with detailed selection guides.
What cutter geometry to optimize your machining speeds?
Geometry directly influences performance: 2-flute cutters efficiently remove chips at 8000-15000 RPM in aluminum, ideal for deep grooves. 4-flute cutters offer superior finishing at 6000-10000 RPM in steel with improved cutting stability. The helix angle determines the cutting force: 30° = general purpose steel, 38-45° = aluminum fast removal, 10-15° = hard materials.
The tip radius significantly influences tool life. Interchangeable carbide-tipped cutters significantly reduce operating costs. The optimal cutting length respects the diameter-to-length ratio for maximum rigidity. Eagle and Greenfield specify parameters according to material: mild steel 60-100m/min, aluminum 150-300m/min with carbide.
The tip radius significantly influences tool life. Interchangeable carbide-tipped cutters significantly reduce operating costs. The optimal cutting length respects the diameter-to-length ratio for maximum rigidity. Eagle and Greenfield specify parameters according to material: mild steel 60-100m/min, aluminum 150-300m/min with carbide.
Coating technologies: TiN, TiAlN or diamond for your cutters?
The gold-colored TiN (titanium nitride) coating increases hardness to 2000-2400 HV and withstands up to 600°C, significantly extending service life in standard steel. The purple-gray TiAlN (titanium-aluminum) withstands 800-900°C, essential for stainless steels and heat-resistant alloys with hardness 2000-3500 HV. The AlTiN coating achieves superior performance in high-speed machining.
Morse Cutting Tools and Fein develop multi-layer coatings with alternating compositions for optimal heat resistance. Uncoated K40 carbide cutters remain efficient for general applications. Polished flutes significantly reduce friction, improving chip evacuation. Eagle offers ranges with specific coatings for industrial applications.
Morse Cutting Tools and Fein develop multi-layer coatings with alternating compositions for optimal heat resistance. Uncoated K40 carbide cutters remain efficient for general applications. Polished flutes significantly reduce friction, improving chip evacuation. Eagle offers ranges with specific coatings for industrial applications.
CNC applications: which cutter for lathe, milling machine and machining center?
3-axis CNC centers use ball-end milling cutters for complex surfaces: small radii for fine details, large radii for rapid roughing. Conventional milling machines favor straight 2-sided cutters for grooving depending on the available power. CNC lathes equipped with integrated milling require short, rigid cutters to minimize vibration.
5-axis machining requires long end mills with reduced necks that can access deep cavities without collision. Eagle catalogs various references covering multiple diameters and lengths. Small diameter micro end mills are used in the medical and electronics sectors with tight tolerances. Greenfield and Morse offer complete ranges according to applications: roughing, semi-finishing, finishing with optimized geometries.
5-axis machining requires long end mills with reduced necks that can access deep cavities without collision. Eagle catalogs various references covering multiple diameters and lengths. Small diameter micro end mills are used in the medical and electronics sectors with tight tolerances. Greenfield and Morse offer complete ranges according to applications: roughing, semi-finishing, finishing with optimized geometries.
Maintenance and optimization: extend the life of your carbide cutters
Post-use cleaning with a degreasing solvent removes residue that reduces future performance. Visual inspection detects microscopic chips, warranting early replacement before breakage. Professional regrinding restores significant performance at a fraction of the original price, cost-effective for premium cutters. Micro-spray lubrication (MQL) uses minimal amounts of coolant compared to conventional coolant, reducing costs and environmental impact.
Optimal settings vary depending on the application: low feed for finishing, high feed for productive roughing. Vibration monitoring detects progressive wear before catastrophic failure. Eagle, Greenfield, and Morse offer technical support to optimize settings for customer-specific machines and materials.
Optimal settings vary depending on the application: low feed for finishing, high feed for productive roughing. Vibration monitoring detects progressive wear before catastrophic failure. Eagle, Greenfield, and Morse offer technical support to optimize settings for customer-specific machines and materials.